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| 海外の方のチャンネルです。「原始生活」がコンセプトです。森にあるもので藁葺きの住居を作ったり、日用雑貨品を揃えたり、時には武器や食料も自然の中のものから作り出します。火起こしのような技術も紹介されています。 |
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Primitive Technology: Charcoal retort experiment
Charcoal retort experiment
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About This Video:
I tested a charcoal retort based on the Hookway retort method using only primitive materials. A normal retort is one in which the sealed chamber of wood is inside a furnace and the heat drives off the volatiles converting it to charcoal. The Hookway retort, invented by James Hookway (see original video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fBYaP5K0AkE ) has furnace, a metal pipe, inside the sealed chamber of wood, so the heat conducts out into the wood converting it to charcoal. In addition to this, escaping volatiles from the wood enter the pipe where they are burnt, adding further heat. After a while, no more wood is added to the furnace as it runs entirely of wood gas.
In my version I made a clay pipe and tested it. It did produce some charcoal but most of the wood remained unburnt. This was due to the poor heat conductivity of the clay pipe relative to the metal pipe of the original. The charcoal it did produce from wood touching the clay pipe directly, was of excellent quality. Another benefit of the design was it did not need sealing of the air entries like a typical charcoal mount. The retort did not become self sustaining on woodgas and needed to be fed with wood for the duration of the burn.
In future I'd try making charcoal in a large clay pot retort inside a furnace. I've done it in a previous video with a 25 cm diameter x 25 cm tall pot and it worked well producing shiny intact charcoal with the only unburnt wood at the bottom of the pot. For a new version I'd make the pot taller but not wider for greater yields. Or I'd simply make charcoal in a pit doused with water which gives poorer quality charcoal but with less time and effort. I've tested doused charcoal before in iron smelting and it seems to give the same yield of iron.
00:00-04:36 Regular charcoal mound
04:36-16:33 Hookway charcoal retort
16:33-19:14 Doused charcoal method
About Primitive Technology:
Primitive technology is a hobby where you build things in the wild completely from scratch using no modern tools or materials. These are the strict rules: If you want a fire, use a fire stick - An axe, pick up a stone and shape it - A hut, build one from trees, mud, rocks etc. The challenge is seeing how far you can go without utilizing modern technology. I do not live in the wild, but enjoy building shelter, tools, and more, only utilizing natural materials. To find specific videos, visit my playlist tab for building videos focused on pyrotechnology, shelter, weapons, food & agriculture, tools & machines, and weaving & fiber.
#PrimitiveTechnology #experiment #survival -
Primitive Technology: Re-smelting previously made iron
Primitive Technology: Re-smelting previously made iron
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About This Video:
I took the iron I already smelted and re- smelted it. The iron was old and rusty from forging experiments. Iron oxidises faster when in the forge due to the hot and oxidising conditions. So I tried smelting it again to turn the rust back into iron.
The first attempt involved charging the iron into a furnace in a single charge. The results were mixed, the iron was in separated pieces though the iron was softer and could be slightly cold forged.
Next the iron was included in an iron smelt with fresh, roasted ore. 3 charges of ore were charged, then the scrap iron and then another 3 charges of ore. The result was cleaner but the iron was still in separate pieces.
Next, an attempt was made to consolidate the iron in a forge. Bricks were taken off the furnace to reduce its height, to form a forge. The iron was charged into the forge and heated in front of the blast to consolidate it. The iron came together a bit but was still in separate bits. The iron was softer and more malleable though.
Finally, the iron was put in a crucible with iron ore to decarburise it further. The iron was heated and it became absorbed into the slag. Nearly all of the iron was lost as oxide.
I learnt some things from this project. One of the difficulties was not having the iron in one piece as the small pieces of iron tends to get lost in the coals. Next time, I'll likely try a crucible (without iron oxide in it) just to consolidate the freshly made cast iron prills. Once the iron is in one piece, I'll attempt to decarburise it and forge it with light hammer blows.
About Primitive Technology:
Primitive technology is a hobby where you build things in the wild completely from scratch using no modern tools or materials. These are the strict rules: If you want a fire, use a fire stick - An axe, pick up a stone and shape it - A hut, build one from trees, mud, rocks etc. The challenge is seeing how far you can go without utilizing modern technology. I do not live in the wild, but enjoy building shelter, tools, and more, only utilizing natural materials. To find specific videos, visit my playlist tab for building videos focused on pyrotechnology, shelter, weapons, food & agriculture, tools & machines, and weaving & fiber.
#PrimitiveTechnology #iron #smelter -
Primitive Technology: Water powered forge blower (Short Video)
Water powered forge blower (Short Video)
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About This Video:
This is the water powered forge blower I made in another video ( https://youtu.be/Q_03FWDBZG0 ) but in a short version. Basically the water runs down a wooden half log and onto the small diameter water wheel causing it to rotate about 6 times per second. This powers a paddle fan in a housing that blows air into a furnace causing the fire to burn faster and hotter than by natural draft alone. The idea is that I might one day power iron smelting and forging with it, replacing the manual labour required for the hand powered blower.
About Primitive Technology:
Primitive technology is a hobby where you build things in the wild completely from scratch using no modern tools or materials. These are the strict rules: If you want a fire, use a fire stick - An axe, pick up a stone and shape it - A hut, build one from trees, mud, rocks etc. The challenge is seeing how far you can go without utilizing modern technology. I do not live in the wild, but enjoy building shelter, tools, and more, only utilizing natural materials. To find specific videos, visit my playlist tab for building videos focused on pyrotechnology, shelter, weapons, food & agriculture, tools & machines, and weaving & fiber.
#PrimitiveTechnology #forge #water -
Primitive Technology: Water powered forge blower
Primitive Technology: Water powered forge blower
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About This Video:
I made a water powered forge blower to blow air into a furnace. Getting running water to power a blower had been on my list for a while now and the weather had been wet enough to cause enough flow in the creek to try one. A significant part of the labour in doing an iron smelt comes from the operation of the air supply (unless natural draft is used). The current air supply method I use was a hand powered, centrifugal fan encased in a housing as seen in previous videos.
I had a 2 ideas as to how to automate this with water power. The first method was to build a large, slow water wheel and run a rope belt around it linking it to the smaller, faster fan rotor to spin it. I tried this and it kept having issues due to the rope not spinning the blower effectively and also the fact that the water level changed and the wheel stopped moving.
The second idea was to use a small diameter water wheel directly connected to the fan rotor with a water spout dropping the flow onto the wheel at a height. This turned out to be the simplest and most effective of the methods with rotor speeds between 6 and 8 revolutions a second being attained. The then encased the fan inside the existing blower housing and tested the blower on a furnace build in front of it. The blower did indeed work though not as powerfully as a hand powered one.
With some adjustments, the blower may be improved so it becomes competitive with the hand powered method. The water powered method will go endlessly without human effort and does not wear out any rope as does the hand powered method. It's simple and reliable and I'll be doing more experiments with it in future.
00:00-00:23 Wet season and Furnace
00:23-01:26 Toy water wheel
1:26-08:59 Design 1, Large wheel, belt drive and fan
08:59-16:14 Design 2, Small wheel, direct drive fan
16:14-18:44 Fire by friction
18:44-19:48 Igniting furnace, last minute adjustments
19:48-22:33 Testing water powered forge blower
About Primitive Technology:
Primitive technology is a hobby where you build things in the wild completely from scratch using no modern tools or materials. These are the strict rules: If you want a fire, use a fire stick - An axe, pick up a stone and shape it - A hut, build one from trees, mud, rocks etc. The challenge is seeing how far you can go without utilizing modern technology. I do not live in the wild, but enjoy building shelter, tools, and more, only utilizing natural materials. To find specific videos, visit my playlist tab for building videos focused on pyrotechnology, shelter, weapons, food & agriculture, tools & machines, and weaving & fiber.
#PrimitiveTechnology #water #forge #fire
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